THE INDUS WATER TREATY AND ITS IMPACT ON PAKISTAN-INDIA RELATIONS

Abstract

The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) is a water-sharing agreement between Pakistan and India, signed in 1960 with the help of the World Bank. The treaty was a result of long-standing tensions between the two countries over the sharing of water from the Indus River and its tributaries. The treaty divided the six rivers of the Indus system between the two countries, with three rivers allocated to each. It also established a Permanent Indus Commission to resolve any disputes that may arise. The IWT has had a significant impact on the relationship between Pakistan and India. The treaty has been successful in ensuring a continuous flow of water to both countries, even during times of political tensions. It has also provided a stable framework for water sharing, preventing any major conflicts over water resources. However, there have been instances of disputes and violations of the treaty by both countries, leading to tensions. The recent tensions between the two countries over the construction of dams on the Indus River by India have once again highlighted the need for effective implementation and proper management of the IWT. Therefore, it is crucial for both countries to uphold the treaty and work towards resolving any issues, as the Indus River is a lifeline for millions of people in both Pakistan and India.