HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND TECHNICAL TRAINING AS DRIVERS OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of education, health, and technical training on Pakistan’s economic growth, alongside a review of government policies aimed at achieving sustainable development. The research is guided by three objectives: first, to estimate and analyze the effects of human capital, treated as a flow variable, on economic growth in Pakistan; second, to examine government policies related to health, education, and Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) and their contribution to economic development; and third, to identify policy implications and propose future strategies based on time-series data from 2001 to 2012. The findings indicate that human capital—measured through vocational training, school enrollment rates, patient-to-doctor ratios, labor force participation, and physical capital—exerts a significant positive effect on economic growth. These results underscore the importance of prioritizing human capital development in economic policy and strategic planning to foster sustainable growth.