A PSYCHOANALYTICAL STUDY OF EXISTENTIAL NARCISSISM IN ELLIS’ AMERICAN PSYCHO

Abstract

Narcissism has garnered attention not only from literary critics and historians but also from contemporary psychologists, sociologists, and political scientists. Its rise in the modern era can be attributed to the decline of religious influence, the growing importance of individualism, and the challenges and uncertainties of modern life. Despite this, the exploration of narcissism as a literary theme remains relatively unexplored in the Western context and largely untouched in the Eastern context. This research delves into the intricate depiction of narcissism in the novel American Psycho, analyzing its impact on character development, psychological subtleties, and broader societal reflections. By examining a diverse range of literary works, the study investigates how authors utilize narcissistic characteristics to illuminate complex human behaviors, societal structures, and interpersonal connections. Through a thorough exploration of narrative contexts and character dynamics, the research highlights the intricate interplay between egotism and the complex fabric of human nature, providing valuable insights into the depiction and interpretation of narcissism in the realm of literature. Focusing on novels such as American Psycho by Brett Easton Ellis and Returning the Self to Nature by Jeanine M. Canty, the study employs major narcissism theories to facilitate a cross-cultural examination of the narcissistic motif in literature. Additionally, each novel ultimately presents a framework that encourages readers to adopt a position that is both detached and empathetic, leading them to introspect through the act of reading and acknowledging narcissism as a fundamentally universal experience.