ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES AND LAW ENFORCEMENT IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

Environmental crimes endanger both Pakistan's biological diversity and natural ecosystems, together with public health conditions. The country confronts multiple ecological challenges because of wildlife poaching, illegal logging, industrial pollution, and improper waste disposal. Despite having a legal framework to address these issues, enforcement remains weak due to institutional limitations, corruption, and lack of coordination among regulatory agencies. This research paper assesses the incidence of environmental crimes in Pakistan, current legislation on the issue, and the implementation of the laws. Employing cases and legal research, the paper aims to identify weaknesses in the governance area and offer suggestions for its improvement concerning environmental law enforcement. Leveraging technology for monitoring, strengthening institutional capacity, increasing public awareness, and fostering inter-agency collaboration are crucial for improving environmental governance. This research aims to contribute to effective law enforcement strategies and sustainable environmental policies in Pakistan.