UNDERSTANDING SUICIDAL TENDENCIES AMONG TRANSGENDER INDIVIDUALS IN PAKISTAN: IMPACT OF DISCRIMINATION AND MARGINALIZATION IN AN ISLAMIC CONTEXT (MIX METHODOLOGY APPROACH)

Abstract

This research is devoted to an intricate balance between the negative impact of discrimination and the effectiveness of the measures to combat this issue, among Pakistani transgender people. These oppressive practices not only are demeaning to the individual but also cause a searing psychological trauma that is responsible for the increased rates of depression and suicidal feelings. By employing both qualitative and quantitative statistical techniques, the study combines the thematic analysis of the interviews as well as the statistical analysis of the questionnaires to provide a deep insight into the challenges of being a transgender individual. This kind of analysis using thematic analysis illustrates the discrimination experiences with which the participants in the study are grappling, bringing out some of the recurring themes including stigma, harassment, and the non-acceptance of their fundamental rights. Chakka' and 'Hijra' are commonly used bad words in families, schools, and through the media to refer to transgender people. Through statistical analysis, those qualitative insights become more verified, showing a significant positive correlation between perceived discrimination and adverse mental health outcomes (r = 0.62, p < 0.05). Besides, higher social support among transgender individuals results in lower levels of depression and suicidal ideation. Hence, the importance of the support network is highlighted as a factor of their main mental health risks (t (48) = -2.14, p = 0.038). There is a strong indication of the necessity of immediate action on targeted interventions as well as policy changes that are meant to tackle systemic discrimination and at the same time, promote the creation of inclusive environments for transgender individuals in Pakistan. Through the elevation of transgender individuals and the promotion of their rights, the research conducted through this study aims to aid in the worldwide battle for the continuation of such a nurturing and fair environment for transgender populations.